Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. It is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, Fo, which comprises the proton channel. ATP5J2, also know as ATP synthase subunit f, mitochondrial, is a 94 amino acid mitochondrion inner membrane that belongs to the ATPase F chain family. Mitochondrial dysfunction is prominent in Alzheimer's disease (AD). A failure of one or more of the mitochondrial electron transport chain enzymes, or of F(1)F(0)-ATPase (ATP synthase), could compromise brain energy stores, generate damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lead to neuronal death. Existing as two alternatively spliced isoforms, the ATP5J2 gene is conserved in chimpanzee, dog, cow, mouse, rat, chicken and zebrafish, and maps to human chromosome 7q22.1.